Pigmentation is a skin condition in which you will start noticing brown patches or spots appearing on your skin surface. This skin condition is often also known as hyper-pigmentation, which occurs due to an increase in melanin production or an increase in the number of pigment-producing cells in the skin.

Skin pigmentation can be caused by several different factors ranging from environmental factors to disorders. No matter the reason, skin pigmentation, in the case it is bothering you, there are treatment options available to take care of it, in order to make the skin more even. Some of the most common causes of pigmentation are as follows:

Sun exposure is the number one enemy of our skin and if our skin is left unprotected for long periods of time, sun exposure can do a lot of damage including pigmentation

Melasma, the most common form of pigmentation, is often triggered by sun exposure but is majorly caused by hormonal imbalance due to pregnancy, hormonal medication e.g. the contraceptive pill and medical conditions.

After about of acne or eczema, often it is possible that the skin will undergo pigmentation

Some birthmarks are in the form of pigmentation and could exist anywhere on the body, especially face, neck, shoulders, hands, or back.

Some skin disorders like Vitiligo, where the body’s immune system attacks the pigment cells leading to loss of pigments or severe medical conditions like Addison’s disease or hemochromatosis, could also lead to hyperpigmentation.